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A single star has provided information about the collision of the Milky Way with the dwarf galaxy Gaia-Enceladus. The event likely took place approximately The dwarf galaxy Gaia-Enceladus collided with the Milky Way probably approximately A team of researchers including scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany for the first time used a single star affected by the collision as a clue for dating. Using observational data from ground-based observatories and space telescopes, the scientists led by the University of Birmingham were able to determine the age of the star and the role it played in the collision. On cosmic time scales, the colliding and merging of galaxies is not uncommon. Even if both galaxies involved are of very different sizes, such a collision leaves clear traces in the larger one.
How Old is the Universe?
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Research in the prehistory of the sun helps us compare the circumstances of the birth of the sun with those of other stars in our galaxy, setting the existence of the sun, the Earth and humans more firmly within the broader context of the billions of stars and planets and possibly other lifeforms that exist in the Milky Way. Recent historical events have been recorded by the writings of historians.
Going back further in time, though, we have to rely on other methods to date events. One of the main tools to achieve this is radioactivity. Radioactive nuclei, by definition, decay as time passes by emitting energetic particles that can be very dangerous to living organisms. The rate at which they decay is defined by their half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the original nuclei to disappear.
A famous example is carbon , which has a half-life of 5, years. If the recovered bones of a human contain roughly half the amount of carbon present in the biosphere, that individual must have died 5, years ago. Radioactivity has also allowed us to date the age of the Earth at 4. Using the same techniques, we can also learn something about the major events in the prehistory of the matter in the solar system, such as the period prior to the formation of the sun.
Elements in our solar system, except for hydrogen and helium which were created in the Big Bang , were produced by nuclear reactions in stars. At some point, this heavier material became isolated inside a star-forming region of the galaxy, where the gas was cooler and denser than the usual galactic gas. Within this stellar nursery, gas collapsed to form a number of stars, including our sun.
A star is an astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye from Earth during the night, appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points in the sky due to their immense distance from Earth. Historically, the most prominent stars were grouped into constellations and asterisms , the brightest of which gained proper names. Astronomers have assembled star catalogues that identify the known stars and provide standardized stellar designations.
For most of its active life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core, releasing energy that traverses the star’s interior and then radiates into outer space.
A single star has provided information about the collision of the Milky ground-based observatories and space telescopes, the scientists led by.
It is particularly amazing when researchers make claims about what they believe can be learned from one random star orbiting through the Milky Way. Its current position and orbit, however, mean that it got sent tumbling into the disk of the galaxy. But this is a reminder that science is a process and a dialogue. We say what we think is true and argue for why it is true, and then we wait to see if we are proven or disproven by the course of time and further observations.
I want these folks and their far out set of conclusions to be true, and here is to hoping that more observations and time bring more confidence to these results. The fact that science is an evolving story is often lost in the moment to moment telling of the story. Nowhere in science is this seen more clearly than in our study of climate change. Merger of Milky Way with dwarf galaxy dated Max Planck.
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UV Spectroscopic Dating of Stars and Galaxies
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Researchers have developed a new conceptual framework for understanding how stars similar to our Sun evolve. Their framework helps explain how the rotation of stars, their emission of x-rays, and the intensity of their stellar winds vary with time. Using our Sun as the calibration point, the model most accurately describes the likely behavior of the Sun in the past, and how it would be expected to behave in the future.
But Blackman adds that there are many stars of similar mass and radius, and so the model is a good starting point for predictions for these stars. They get more predictable as they age. At the moment, empirically determining the age of stars is most easily accomplished if a star is among a cluster of stars, from whose mutual properties astronomers can estimate the age. And this is where the model developed by Blackman and his coauthor James E.
Owen is important: it provides a physics explanation for how stellar rotation, activity, magnetic field, and mass loss all mutually evolve with age. Please consider downloading the latest version of Internet Explorer to experience this site as intended. A new way to determine the age of stars? March 22,
Dating the Earth, the Sun, and the Stars
I love it. I feel that I have an obligation to share my enthusiasm with the public, as they are the people who are funding the work. I discovered that the rate at which you model extension and applied tectonic forces can really change the ultimate shape of the canyon models you create — and those rates are controlled by the amount of time involved. A billion years is a quarter of the age of the solar system
The bottom panel shows the probability distribution of the fit across age-space, with a vertical line indicating the best fitting age and a horizontal.
This illustration outlines the two techniques astronomers have used to determine the universe’s age. In the “traditional method,” astronomers used measurements of the universe’s expansion rate to calculate the age of the cosmos. They determined the expansion rate by measuring the distances to nearby galaxies. They then compared those measurements with the speed at which those galaxies are receding from Earth. Astronomers used that data to calculate the universe’s age.
In the “white-dwarf-cooling method,” astronomers studied the faintest white dwarfs in a globular cluster. Globular clusters are among the oldest clusters of stars in the universe. And the faintest and coolest white dwarfs within globular clusters represent the oldest stars in the clusters. Earlier Hubble observations showed that the first stars formed less than 1 billion years after the universe’s birth in the big bang.
So, finding the oldest stars puts astronomers within arm’s reach of the universe’s age. Toggle navigation.
Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi
Was it your first kiss, the birth of a child or that moment you realized your world had changed. Give a gift of the stars to always remember that special night. Create a custom map of the night your heart skipped a beat.
Astronomical map, any cartographic representation of the stars, galaxies, compiled from photographic observations made either from Earth or from space. civilization is the Chinese Tunhuang manuscript in the British Museum, dating from.
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